DLR (German Aerospace Center)

The DLR Institute of Robotics and Mechatronics in Oberpfaffenhofen is a research unit of the German Aerospace Center, responsible for developing TORO, a torque-controlled bipedal research robot shown publicly since 2013. TORO is used to study dynamic walking, stair climbing and locomotion with multi-point contact with the environment.

It is a purely scientific platform, not available commercially and not intended for sale. Compared with commercial humanoids such as the Unitree G1 or Agility Digit, TORO does not compete in the market; instead it supplies foundational knowledge that industry later draws on.

For Poland the institute matters mainly in an academic sense, as a potential research partner for technical universities rather than as a hardware supplier. There is no data on price or availability, because the product is not sold.